An appraisal of transnational advocacy networks and their impact on environmental policy: A study of global climate movements
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Background of the Study
Transnational advocacy networks (TANs) have emerged as influential actors in shaping environmental policy at both national and international levels. These networks, comprising non-governmental organizations, grassroots movements, and policy experts, mobilize public opinion and pressure governments to enact progressive environmental reforms (Mensah, 2023). Global climate movements have been particularly effective in raising awareness about climate change, influencing policy debates, and holding governments accountable for environmental degradation. TANs use digital platforms, international conferences, and coordinated campaigns to disseminate information and galvanize support for sustainable policies (Adebisi, 2024). The interconnected nature of modern communication has allowed these networks to operate across borders, creating a unified voice that can challenge powerful economic interests and traditional policy paradigms. Despite their successes, TANs face challenges such as limited resources, political resistance, and the difficulty of achieving tangible policy changes in the face of entrenched interests (Okafor, 2025). This study appraises the impact of transnational advocacy networks on environmental policy by focusing on global climate movements. It examines the strategies employed by these networks, assesses their effectiveness in influencing policy, and identifies factors that contribute to or hinder their success in driving environmental reform.
Statement of the problem
Although transnational advocacy networks have played a key role in shaping environmental policies, their impact on achieving concrete policy changes remains contested. Critics argue that while these networks raise awareness, their ability to induce substantial governmental reforms is often limited by political and economic barriers (Chinwe, 2023). This study seeks to investigate whether TANs have effectively influenced environmental policy or if their efforts remain largely symbolic. In addition, it examines the obstacles that prevent these networks from achieving more decisive policy outcomes, particularly in the context of global climate movements (Mensah, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
To evaluate the impact of transnational advocacy networks on environmental policy formulation.
To identify the strategies and challenges faced by global climate movements.
To recommend ways to enhance the effectiveness of TANs in driving policy change.
Research questions
How do transnational advocacy networks influence environmental policy?
What strategies have global climate movements employed to affect change?
What challenges hinder the effectiveness of these networks in achieving policy reforms?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it examines the role of transnational advocacy networks in shaping environmental policy, providing insights for activists, policymakers, and researchers. Its findings will help refine strategies used by global climate movements, ensuring more effective advocacy and policy impact. By highlighting both successes and obstacles, the study contributes to a better understanding of how to mobilize transnational networks for sustainable environmental reforms (Adebisi, 2024; Mensah, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study is limited to assessing the impact of transnational advocacy networks on environmental policy through the lens of global climate movements. It does not cover other forms of advocacy or regions beyond those examined.
Definitions of terms
Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs): Alliances of non-state actors that work across borders to influence public policy.
Global Climate Movements: International campaigns and organizations that aim to address climate change and promote environmental sustainability.
Environmental Policy: Regulations and initiatives designed to protect the natural environment and promote sustainable development.
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